Wednesday, October 8, 2008

The Absorbent Mind 2

10/8/2008 Assignment 2
Philosophy Part II
The Absorbent Mind
Feng Mei Shao

In Chapter 15, we learn that we, as teachers, should be careful not to destroy any of life’s natural tendencies.

In Chapter 16, we learn that the child is completely dependent on us early on, then he/she progresses to take control of his/her life.

In Chapter 17, the real explosion takes place in inner personality; the child will find himself under his own circumstances and not through educational method.

In Chapter 18, Montessori discusses the upbringing of a child; the mother should not threaten or pamper, but let the child “normalize”.

In Chapter 19, Montessori discusses classification of children into society groups, if they are “good” or “bad”

In Chapter 20, children need to achieve their own character; they do not need so much help from the outside as they do from their inner character.

In Chapter 21, the child is a spiritual builder who influences his own free development, they act under natural laws.

In Chapter 22, children develop by their own in groups; their social development is done in schools.

In Chapter 23, children first try to develop themselves, then they put the group first and develop for the whole.

In Chapter 24, mistakes and correction methods are used, gently correcting a child is best as he develops on his own.


Quote: “It is as though nature had drawn a dividing line; on the one side are happenings we can no longer remember: on the other side is the beginning of memory.” (p.165)

When this boy walked into classroom in the morning, he said that wanted to complete the math today. (He works on math everyday). After attendance, he prepares two rugs and the needed materials. He opens the container first, and takes out one set of numerals (10, 20, 30 … 100). He mixes up the cards, and then finds the corresponding one. Afterwards, he takes the Numeral Cards 10, 20. 30,…100 and matches them with the corresponding beads. As he worked, he was very quiet and concentrated. Occasionally, he would stop to take a break. He would get a snack, talk to other children, then go back to work. When he found that there were some numbers that he was confused about, he called a teacher over to help him. He spent 2 hours focusing on this activity. I have found that he is interested in math, because when he is free to choose whichever activity he wants to do, he always chooses the math. There are prepared environments for children at each successive developmental plane.



Quote: “We may regard everything concerning character under the guise of human behavior.” (p.194)
On Share Day, a child will bring his or her own favorite thing to classroom to share with everyone. When the child brings something in, he or she will a few minutes to describe it. Then, other children will ask questions about it, or make comments about it. They will ask things such as “Where you get it?”, “Who give to you?”. However, a few younger or quieter students will be very timid and will not know what to say about what they brought in. In these cases, the teacher will give guidance and tell the child to say something simple like, “I like it.” In the social environment, the children help and learn from each other, by sharing or talking. They develop confidence, self-esteem and nurturing skills as well as skills in maintaining their love for learning.

Quote: “Once we have created an environment in which all the objects are attuned to children’s developmental needs, we have done all that is needed to produce this phenomenon.” (p. 244)

J is a 5 ½ year, in her second year in Montessori school. During the week, she spends a few days in a special school. She has never spoken to anybody. This year was the first year that she began to speak a little bit to others. All her movements are very slow because her hands are not well coordinated. Because the activities in the classroom such as Practical Life- Pouring Activity, buttoning, and folding, Sensorial-Pink Tower, Broad Stairs, Geometric Cabinet work, help to strengthen her muscles and hands, when she is working on them, she often repeats what she does many times. Those works are reinforces aided by touch, light tracing. I observed that she was very concentrated in her work. Also, she alternates the way she works too. For some activities, she will place things differently or move all the different objects around. One day I decided to give her new lesson – Metal Insets presentation I. Metal Insets are exercises that give practice in pencil control, and draw shapes to produce the graphic symbols of the English alphabet. The teacher’s role is to step back and not interrupt and giving children a sense of control did it.

Diamira Chapters 14-28

Diamira

Assignment 2 Chapters 14 - 28

Chapter 14

The development of the use of the hand coincided with mental development; with this development great strides are made.

Chapter 15

A child develops his walking ability by being allowed to walk and see his environment at his pace, not an adult’s.

Chapter 16

The child after 3 becomes an individual with a purpose to learn and be independent, expanding on what he formed before three.

Chapter 17

Children should be taught proper names to increase vocabulary, imagination should be used to teach them about things they can not see or experience themselves.

Chapter 18

A character of a child is dependent on his experiences and care from age 0-3, if not when he is in the age of 3-6 is afraid to experience new things, the child need to be fed mentally to develop.

Chapter 19

Work and freedom are needed for the child’s development, concentration and order aids in correcting deviations.

Chapter 20

There are different types of personalities, “stronger and the weaker” while working with others the child grows and becomes balanced.

Chapter 21

The child learns the workings of things around him and he learns to value them.


Chapter 22
In a Montessori classroom the children are part of a community, children learn to support each other in learning, and develop socially.

Chapter 23

The child is part of a social group and learns to concentrate, work independently and with others.


Chapter 24

Neither praise nor complements should be made to the child’s work; the child alone should correct his mistakes, teaching him to be independent in his work.

Chapter 25

The first level is when a child is trying to learn to be obedient, the second level the child learns to obey others wishes, the third level the child knows through obedience he will learn from his teacher.

Chapter 26

The teacher’s discipline allows her to follow the child’s lead and learn from them what they need of her.

Chapter 27

The teacher’s role is to prepare the environment for the child, entice them to the materials and be able to present them and allow them to experience the work on their own so they may grown in learning.

Chapter 28

The love of a child expands through his family and through everyone he touches, we must prepare that child so he may continue to love.


Quotes:

“Insatiable at this age is a child’s thirst for words, and inexhaustible has capacity for learning the.” Page 175

When I read this quote it reminded me of the “parts of a whole” lessons. We have one boy in our classroom that is always drawn to those lessons. He loves learning the vocabulary. It’s amazing how much he retains and uses. I’m sure it’s vocabulary he will carry his whole life.

“Yet I saw in my first school, and in all those which have followed it, that these traits vanish as soon as the children become absorbed in a piece of work that attracts the. The so-called bad qualities, together with the god and superior, all vanish and there remains only one kind of child.” Page 201

We have one boy in our classroom that is a leader; several boys like to follow him around the classroom. When he is busy working and absorbed in his work he isn't distracted by them at all he just focuses on his work. It’s wonderful to see how he loves his work and doesn't let himself get pulled away by them. When that happens the other boys find work to do also.
“There is only one specimen of each object, and if a piece is in use when another child wants it, the latter- if he is normalized will wait for it to be released” page 223

We have new 3 years old as most classrooms have at this time of the year. One little girl has a sister in the classroom that is 5. The other day the 3 year old wanted one of the lessons that was being used. She stood in front of the child and said “I wanted to work with that”. The older sister came over very protective; I watched to see what she would do before saying anything. She took her sister over and told her “You have to wait your turn, find something else to do while you wait.” and walked away. I was very surprised, I expected her to say something to the child with the work but she didn't. The older child is very normalized and accustomed to waiting for lessons she wants to work with. Later on the 3 year old was able to use that work, and another child went to the shelf at the same time, it was a water lesson so she had to have an apron and the 3 year old had one on so she took the lesson, when she had it in her hands she turned to the other child and said. “When I'm done you can do it.” It felt great to hear that coming from her.

grainne-chapters 14-28

14
Man’s intelligence develops to a higher level with the use of his hands.
15
Children learn through imitation. Children love to engage in activities that require effort.
16
From 3 to 6 a child begins to master his environment, he tries to perfect his actions by means of activity.
17
A child can use his mind to visualize real things not just imaginary things and he has the ability to learn many new words. What we learn between 3 and 6 can never be canceled.
18
Defects come "from one single cause, which is insufficient nourishment for the life of the mind."
19
All children, even those with defects, react the same and show discipline in the prepared environment.
20
People are either pulled naturally toward perfection or toward anti-social or extra-social behavior. With the best character education all would strive for perfection.
21
Love of environment makes children treat things with great care.
22
You can not teach concentration and patience but experience can.
23
Children naturally put the group first and try to succeed for its benefit. Also, the weak are given help and the older children are treated with respect.
24
Organization is needed for children to be free to work. Control of error lets the child correct his own mistakes.
25
Obedience occurs in three levels. The power to obey is the last phase in the development of the will.
26
Our task as teachers is to show the way to discipline and the path to perfection.
27
The greatest sign of success for a teacher is to see that the children are all working and do not need her.
28
Love springs from it’s source-the child.

A.M. part two

Here are my quotes first. The summaries I will post later. It is so hard to just pick two quotes:)


Quote 1 pages 174-75

"He has a special sensitiveness for words; they attract his interest, and he spontaneously accumulates a very great number....When taking the children out for a walk....the children taught (the teachers)the names of every kind of automobile....Insatiable at this age is the child's thirst for words, and inexhaustible his capacity for learning them."

It's funny to me how you know these things but when you read it the way Montessori says it it has so much more meaning. Anyway this quote explains the stage my son is in right now. He is three and he can name every make of car on the road...PT Cruiser, Honda Civic, Toyota Prius, Subaru Forester...This started at about 2 1/2. He would ask me what is that? I didn't know how to answer. A car? An SUV? A Nissan? How could he understand all these different ways of classifying cars? But it all seemed to make sense to him and now I know he wanted to know all of those answers at once! That is a Nissan Morano SUV. It really blows you away.

Quote 2 page 225

"Teachers who use direct methods cannot understand how social behavior is fostered in a Montessori school. They think it offers scholastic material but not social material. They say, "If the child does everything on his own, what becomes of social life?" But what is social life if not the solving of social problems, behaving properly and pursuing aims acceptable to all?"

I have found this to be a common misunderstanding about Montessori. The idea that if everyone is working on their own then they are not learning to socialize. I think of one of my good friends who was a middle school english teacher and now has three children 2-6 years old. When I asked her if she had thought about sending her oldest to Montessori she said "Yes but he is already very good at concentrating and working on his own. I want him to learn how to be social and work with the group." It surprises me that anyone can think that 25 children in the same space are somehow not in a social setting.

Trish Wymore - Assignment 2

Assignment 2
Trish Wymore


Development and Imitation
In order to gain the most from imitating adults, the child of 1 ½ and 2 must first prepare himself (on his own schedule) through uninterrupted cycles of physical activity which help to coordinate his movements.

From Unconscious Creator to Conscious Worker
During the first three years, a child is busy “creating” himself. Although he will have no recollection of this work, it comes to fruition when he enters the period of 3-6 when he is able act upon the foundation he previously built.

Further Elaboration Through Culture and Imagination
Vocabulary (especially scientific) is most rapidly enriched during the 3-6 period and sets basis for future learning. Order and precision, the period which is most intense during 3-6 forms the basis of the mathematical mind.

Character and Defects in Childhood
The child who is mentally starved will exhibit all sorts of character defects which can only be fixed through meaningful, mentally stimulating work.

The Child's Contribution to Society-Normalization
If a child's personality fails to become organized, any number of deviations can arise. Normalization will occur when the child's whole personality is aroused and engaged in meaningful work.

Character building is the Child's Own Achievement
Character cannot be taught during the period of 3-6, it must be allowed to unfold with the properly prepared surroundings. After 6 however, character cannot develop spontaneously and it is not merely enough to role model the behaviors we wish to encourage.

Children's Possessiveness and Its transformations
The trait of possessiveness will be transformed and replaced with a love for knowledge if the child is allowed to develop his concentration independent of the adult . Knowledge will awaken a great love and a desire learn about things around him.

Social Development
concentration is the foundation for social development and is aided by an environment that protects the child's concentration. The child can then begin to perfect himself through his social interactions which ideally occur in a mixed age environment where younger children look up to older children and they in turn help to nurture their younger peers.

Cohesion and the Social Unit
A social unity among children can be achieved through their own efforts. We must protect their efforts by not encouraging competition, rewards and punishments as a means of control, and giving morality lectures.

Mistakes and their correction
But incorporating a control of error into works, the child can check his own progress and not be dependent upon an adult to construct his knowledge. Free from guessing or waiting for a teacher to confirm his work, the child can continue to improve his performance and increase the likelihood that he will try again in the future.

The three levels of obedience
The child passes through three levels starting with inconsistent obeying, to obeying through self control, and ending with joyful obeying.

Discipline and the teacher
Discipline is not something done to the child, but something that is “born” when a child reaches a level of concentration - uninterrupted. The teacher can protect this concentration by carefully observing for it's first signs, preventing disruptions and imitations of other children, and providing a smile of encouragement when called for.

The teacher's preparation
A Montessori teacher must prepare in several areas: herself (spiritually especially), the classroom environment, her presentation to the children (enticement), and finally by finding contentment in doing nothing at all at times.

Love and its source – the child
Love is our greatest power, and it's source is the child.

Quotes:
“It is not a good thing to cut life in two, using the limbs for games and the head for books. Life should be a single whole, especially in the earliest years, when the child is forming himself in accordance with the laws of his growth” (p164).


“If we examine the progress of work recommended for use in schools, we see at once their poverty and dullness. The education of today is humiliating. It produces an inferiority complex and artificially lowers the powers of man. Its very organization sets a limit to knowledge well below the natural level. It supplies men with crutches when they could run on swift feet. It is an education based on man's lower powers, not on his higher ones. And it is man's own fault if the majority of human beings are inferior, for the formation of their characters during the constructive period has been prevented” (p. 214).

I found this quote to be so sad! It could easily have been written today about my son's school. I do find the techniques to be humiliating, and the daily worksheets he brings home to be so under stimulating and relentless. It is very difficult for me to keep my feelings about his experience to myself. Fortunately (or not) he doesn't know any other way of education and he seems to be handling it in his own way.


“There is only one specimen of each object, and if a piece is in use when another child wants it, the latter – if he is normalized – will wait for it to be released. Important social qualities derive from this. The child comes to see that he must respect the work of others, not because someone has said he must, but because it is a reality that he meets in his daily experience. There is only one between many children, so there nothing for it but to wait. and since this happens every hour of the day for years, the idea of respecting others, and of waiting one's turn, becomes an habitual part of life which always grows more mature” (p. 223-224).


Prior to learning about Montessori, I did not believe that young children should be forced to wait for anything! I couldn't understand why little children should be forced to wait when they were clearly unable to!! The first year of my preschool (4 years ago) I had five children ages 18 months to 2 years. We constructed a brand new classroom addition to our house and I promptly supplied it with five of everything. No child would be forced to wait in my class!! The first clues I began to receive about my obvious misguided understandings came during the first week of school when the children went to choose from the five identical strollers lined up against one wall. Two little girls nearly came to blows over the same stroller. Needless to say, I witnessed the beauty of of the transformation to having one of everything. I would never have been convinced had i not been a part of it and now see it every day!

“It is hard to believe how deep this atmosphere of protection and admiration becomes in practice. The class gets to be cemented by affection (p. 227).


Our class has a definite feeling of affection toward each other. With only 12 girls, some who have been coming for four years, it is sometimes a very intimate atmosphere. One of the girls has a special condition that keeps her from speaking in school. Her transition two years ago was very difficult for everyone and she screamed for nearly a month. Her condition became quickly apparent at that time, and as I learned more about her special needs, I became fairly protective of her. Over the last three years, the girls have nurtured her, learned to communicate with her on her terms, and have always tried to include her in their work and play. Interestingly, this summer many girls went to her house on separate occasions for play dates. During these play dates in her home, she speaks freely and openly with the girls! Upon returning to school, the other girls rush to tell me that she spoke – loudly! I am so proud of their caring and accepting attitudes toward this girl!!